240's Praxis English to Speakers of Other Languages Study Guide Is 92% Test-Aligned
240's Praxis English to Speakers of Other Languages study guide is built around the official exam framework so you can study what is actually tested. This page shows exactly how the guide maps to the real exam — SMR by SMR and competency by competency — so you can see where coverage is strongest, where some depth gaps remain, and how each part of the guide supports your prep.
Why Test Alignment Matters for Your Praxis English to Speakers of Other Languages Study Guide
Certification test standards are broad, but the exam questions are very specific. Our team of curriculum experts uses the 240 Study Guide Creation Process to ensure the most aligned, specific content for your Praxis English to Speakers of Other Languages (5362) test — so you are not wasting time on broad subject review that may not show up on exam day.
- Built around the official exam framework
- Organized by the competencies actually used on the exam
- Shows exactly what is covered and where depth is partial
- Includes aligned questions, flashcards, study materials, and videos
- Helps candidates study what is actually tested instead of broad generic content
How to Read This Alignment Review
| Official Competency | Matching 240 Topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Understands phonetics, stress and intonation patterns, and the effects of phonetic environment on pronunciation | ESL.Manners of Articulation; ESL.Common Areas of Difficulty; ESL.Phonetic Pronunciation Patterns; ELA.Basic Linguistic Concepts | Covered | 46 | 4 | 25 | 2 | Covered by 4 topics (46 questions, 4 materials, 25 cards, 2 videos). |
| B. Is familiar with IPA (the International Phonetic Alphabet) | ESL.Comparing Spanish and English; ESL.International Phonetic Alphabet | Covered | 14 | 2 | 11 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (14 questions, 2 materials, 11 cards, 0 videos). |
| C. Understands the various types of morphemes and how they are used in word formation | ESL.Word Formation; ELA.Skill - Word Analysis from Roots and Affixes; ELA.Types of Morphemes - Free and Bound | Covered | 24 | 3 | 14 | 2 | Covered by 3 topics (24 questions, 3 materials, 14 cards, 2 videos). |
| D. Understands the usage of English syntax | ESL.Types of Sentences (Grammar); ELA.Verb Tense; ELA.Types of Grammatical Constructions; ELA.Teaching - Common Idioms and Foreign Phrases; ELA.Skill - Fix Basic Syntax Usage; ELA.Types of Phrases | Covered | 59 | 6 | 48 | 2 | Covered by 6 topics (59 questions, 6 materials, 48 cards, 2 videos). |
| E. Understands the parts of speech including their structural, semantic, and functional characteristics | ESL.Teaching Syntax and Semantics; ELA.Parts of Speech | Covered | 35 | 2 | 27 | 1 | Covered by 2 topics (35 questions, 2 materials, 27 cards, 1 videos). |
| F. Understands semantics and how combinations of words convey meaning | ESL.Levels of Language | Covered | 11 | 1 | 11 | 1 | Covered by 1 topic (11 questions, 1 materials, 11 cards, 1 videos). |
| G. Knows that languages differ from or are similar to each other in their phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics | ESL.Levels of Language | Covered | 11 | 1 | 11 | 1 | Covered by 1 topic (11 questions, 1 materials, 11 cards, 1 videos). |
| H. Understands the concepts of pragmatics | ESL.Levels of Language | Covered | 11 | 1 | 11 | 1 | Covered by 1 topic (11 questions, 1 materials, 11 cards, 1 videos). |
| I. Understands the concepts of sociolinguistics | ESL.Communicative Competence | Covered | 9 | 1 | 9 | 1 | Covered by 1 topic (9 questions, 1 materials, 9 cards, 1 videos). |
| J. Knows the concept of World Englishes | ELA.History of the English Language | Covered | 17 | 1 | 11 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (17 questions, 1 materials, 11 cards, 0 videos). |
| K. Understands the conventions of written English (i.e., mechanics) | ELA.ELL Teaching - Proper Writing and Grammar Conventions | Covered | 11 | 1 | 2 | 1 | Covered by 1 topic (11 questions, 1 materials, 2 cards, 1 videos). |
| L. Understands the rhetorical patterns and range of genres used in written English | ELA.Types of Organization; ELA.Writing Types and Various Contexts; ELA.Literary Genres | Covered | 105 | 3 | 51 | 2 | Covered by 3 topics (105 questions, 3 materials, 51 cards, 2 videos). |
| M. Understands communicative competence | ESL.Communicative Competence | Covered | 9 | 1 | 9 | 1 | Covered by 1 topic (9 questions, 1 materials, 9 cards, 1 videos). |
| N. Know about the inconsistencies and irregularities of the English language | ESL.Common Areas of Difficulty | Covered | 9 | 1 | 9 | 1 | Covered by 1 topic (9 questions, 1 materials, 9 cards, 1 videos). |
| Official Competency | Matching 240 Topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Understands the distinction between social and academic language functions | ESL.Registers of Language; ELA.Teaching - Spoken vs Written English | Covered | 23 | 2 | 13 | 1 | Covered by 2 topics (23 questions, 2 materials, 13 cards, 1 videos). |
| B. Understands the similarities and differences between first and second language acquisition, and how learners’ first language can affect their second-language production and reception | ESL.Common Behaviors of English Language Learners; ESL.Interlanguage; ESL.Interrelatedness | Covered | 40 | 3 | 14 | 2 | Covered by 3 topics (40 questions, 3 materials, 14 cards, 2 videos). |
| C. Understands the processes of second-language acquisition including research-based models | ESL.Other Language Approaches; ESL.Social Interactionist Theory; ESL.Cummins Quadrants; ESL.Krashen's 5 Hypotheses; ESL.BICS vs CALP; ESL.Nativist Theory; ESL.Stages of Second Language Acquisition | Covered | 64 | 7 | 35 | 3 | Covered by 7 topics (64 questions, 7 materials, 35 cards, 3 videos). |
| D. Knows the different types of affective factors and their implications for the second-language learning process | ESL.Factors Affecting ESL Students | Covered | 16 | 1 | 4 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (16 questions, 1 materials, 4 cards, 0 videos). |
| E. Understands the relationship between English phonemes and graphemes and the rules of phonics | ELA.ELL Strategies - Phonics and Word Analysis; ELA.Teaching - Alphabetic Knowledge and Principle; ELA.Teaching - Phonics and Decoding | Covered | 97 | 3 | 22 | 2 | Covered by 3 topics (97 questions, 3 materials, 22 cards, 2 videos). |
| F. Understands the literacy development of ELs | ESL.Patterns of Negation; ESL.Literacy Development of ELLs | Covered | 7 | 2 | 7 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (7 questions, 2 materials, 7 cards, 0 videos). |
| G. Understands how first-language literacy influences the development of English literacy | ESL.Literacy Knowledge Transfer | Covered | 13 | 1 | 6 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (13 questions, 1 materials, 6 cards, 0 videos). |
| H. Understands that, in addition to language, student performance may be affected by various factors (e.g., socioeconomic, physical, emotional) | ESL.Factors Affecting ESL Students; ESL.Teaching Discourse and Pragmatics | Covered | 20 | 2 | 7 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (20 questions, 2 materials, 7 cards, 0 videos). |
| Official Competency | Matching 240 Topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Knows the implication of dialect variation for the instruction of English learners | ELA.Dialects and Variations in Language | Covered | 16 | 1 | 3 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (16 questions, 1 materials, 3 cards, 0 videos). |
| B. Understands various methods and approaches in teaching ELs and knows how to select the most appropriate methods for the context | ESL.CALLA Approach; ESL.Sheltered Instruction; ESL.Natural Approach; ESL.Content-Based ESL Instruction; ESL.Additive Approach | Covered | 36 | 5 | 14 | 2 | Covered by 5 topics (36 questions, 5 materials, 14 cards, 2 videos). |
| C. Knows a variety of instructional delivery models specific for ELs | ESL.Types of ESL Programs | Covered | 13 | 1 | 18 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (13 questions, 1 materials, 18 cards, 0 videos). |
| D. Knows how to identify appropriate and measureable objectives that align to language and content standards | P.Evaluating Learning Goals | Covered | 14 | 1 | 3 | 1 | Covered by 1 topic (14 questions, 1 materials, 3 cards, 1 videos). |
| E. Knows how to design appropriate classroom activities that connect to learning objectives for ELs | P.Common Instructional Activities; ELA.Intervention - Reading Comprehension; ESL.Reading Fluency; ELA.Teaching - Increasing Vocabulary; ESL.Graphic Organizers; ELA.Word Analysis from Roots and Affixes | Covered | 101 | 6 | 43 | 2 | Covered by 6 topics (101 questions, 6 materials, 43 cards, 2 videos). |
| F. Knows how to design appropriate assessments that connect to learning objectives for ELs | P.Common Instructional Activities | Partially covered | 4 | 1 | 4 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (4 questions, 1 materials, 4 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
| G. Is familiar with ways to collaborate with other educators in designing classroom activities appropriate to the proficiency levels of English learners | P.Memorization Strategies; ESL.Characteristics of Effective Methods - ESL | Covered | 11 | 2 | 10 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (11 questions, 2 materials, 10 cards, 0 videos). |
| H. Knows how to effectively integrate the four domains of language (i.e., speaking, listening, reading, and writing) into instruction | ESL.Integration of Language Skills | Covered | 11 | 1 | 4 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (11 questions, 1 materials, 4 cards, 0 videos). |
| I. Knows how to promote ELs’ acquisition of receptive and productive skills | ESL.Integration of Language Skills | Covered | 11 | 1 | 4 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (11 questions, 1 materials, 4 cards, 0 videos). |
| J. Knows how and when to apply a variety of strategies for teaching language skills contextually or targeting them discretely | ESL.Providing Feedback | Partially covered | 6 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (6 questions, 1 materials, 0 cards, 1 videos); limited supporting content. |
| K. Knows how to promote autonomous learning through cognitive and metacognitive strategies with ELs | ESL.Student Motivation; P.Self-Regulation and Executive Function; ELA.Types of Figurative Language; ESL.Cognitive Processes for Language Rules; ESL.Reciprocal Teaching | Covered | 75 | 5 | 30 | 0 | Covered by 5 topics (75 questions, 5 materials, 30 cards, 0 videos). |
| L. Understands techniques that activate students’ prior knowledge and that build new knowledge to support acquisition of content and language | ESL.Student Motivation; ESL.Teaching - Issues with Content-Based; ESL.General Best Practices | Covered | 34 | 3 | 8 | 1 | Covered by 3 topics (34 questions, 3 materials, 8 cards, 1 videos). |
| M. Knows how to organize instruction that provides students with meaningful opportunities to use language | ESL.General Best Practices | Covered | 23 | 1 | 5 | 1 | Covered by 1 topic (23 questions, 1 materials, 5 cards, 1 videos). |
| N. Understands effective practices for teaching literacy to English learners | P.Teaching Reading and Writing for ELLs | Covered | 16 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Covered by 1 topic (16 questions, 1 materials, 0 cards, 1 videos). |
| O. Understands how to select, modify, and/or create culturally responsive, age-appropriate, and linguistically accessible teaching materials and resources to support EL’s learning styles and needs | P.Adaptations for Diversity - ELL | Covered | 59 | 1 | 2 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (59 questions, 1 materials, 2 cards, 0 videos). |
| P. Is familiar with how technologies can be used to support language development, instruction and learning | ESL.Teaching Technology | Partially covered | 6 | 1 | 4 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (6 questions, 1 materials, 4 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
| Q. Understands how to create a secure, supportive, and culturally respectful learning environment for ELs | P.Adaptations for Diversity - ELL | Covered | 59 | 1 | 2 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (59 questions, 1 materials, 2 cards, 0 videos). |
| R. Knows how and when to use constructive feedback to facilitate English-language learning | ESL.Providing Feedback | Partially covered | 6 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (6 questions, 1 materials, 0 cards, 1 videos); limited supporting content. |
| S. Knows how to create a language-, text-, and print-rich environment at a linguistic and an age- appropriate level that promotes academic growth | ESL.Rich Linguistic Environment | Partially covered | 5 | 1 | 3 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (5 questions, 1 materials, 3 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
| T. Understands how to differentiate instruction for ELs based on individual student needs and language proficiency levels | P.Teaching Listening and Speaking for ELLs; P.Adaptations for Diversity - ELL | Covered | 67 | 2 | 3 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (67 questions, 2 materials, 3 cards, 0 videos). |
| U. Knows how to recognize and be instructionally responsive to Students with Limited or Interrupted Formal Education (SLIFE), formerly known as Students with Interrupted Formal Education (SIFE) | ESL.Teaching - Issues with Literacy | Partially covered | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (4 questions, 1 materials, 2 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
| V. Understands that there are differences between planning for ELs with learning disabilities and is aware that instruction will need to be adapted for ELs receiving special education or gifted services | ESL.Adaptations for Diversity - ELL and Special Programs | Partially covered | 5 | 1 | 2 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (5 questions, 1 materials, 2 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
| W. Understands the importance of language modeling, comprehensible input and output, and scaffolding for English language learning | ESL.General Best Practices; ELA.ELL Strategies - Reading Comprehension | Covered | 42 | 2 | 8 | 1 | Covered by 2 topics (42 questions, 2 materials, 8 cards, 1 videos). |
| Official Competency | Matching 240 Topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Knows the role of assessment in the identification, placement, and exit from language-support programs | ESL.ESL Program Process | Partially covered | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (1 questions, 1 materials, 1 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
| B. Understands a variety of formal and informal methods to assess receptive and productive language skills | ESL.Types of Assessment (Praxis) | Covered | 18 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (18 questions, 1 materials, 0 cards, 0 videos). |
| C. Knows how to develop and administer formative and summative classroom assessments to determine ELs’ language skills, inform instruction, and document student growth | ESL.Assessing ESL Skills | Partially covered | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (0 questions, 1 materials, 2 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
| D. Knows there are a variety of accommodations for state-mandated content-area testing for ELs | ESL.Linguistic Accommodations | Covered | 9 | 1 | 6 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (9 questions, 1 materials, 6 cards, 0 videos). |
| E. Knows ways to adapt classroom assessments for ELs | ESL.Assessment Adjustments | Covered | 12 | 1 | 2 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (12 questions, 1 materials, 2 cards, 0 videos). |
| F. Knows that some ELs may be eligible for special education and/or gifted and talented services and is familiar with how to provide feedback and input about assessment data | P.IDEA | Covered | 16 | 1 | 13 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (16 questions, 1 materials, 13 cards, 0 videos). |
| G. Is familiar with assessment-related issues such as validity, reliability, and language and cultural bias | P.Fair Assessment | Covered | 21 | 1 | 6 | 1 | Covered by 1 topic (21 questions, 1 materials, 6 cards, 1 videos). |
| H. Knows the difference between norm-referenced and criterion-referenced assessments, and how they are used with ELs | ESL.Types of Assessment (Praxis) | Covered | 18 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (18 questions, 1 materials, 0 cards, 0 videos). |
| I. Knows how to interpret assessment data and use it to assist in planning and differentiating instruction for ELs | ESL.Using Assessment to Adjust Instruction | Covered | 9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (9 questions, 1 materials, 1 cards, 0 videos). |
| J. Is familiar with strategies for communicating assessment data to English learners and their guardians | ESL.Family and Community Involvement; ESL.Communicating Assessment Results | Covered | 36 | 2 | 3 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (36 questions, 2 materials, 3 cards, 0 videos). |
| Official Competency | Matching 240 Topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Understands the interrelationship between language and culture | ESL.Multicultural Classroom; ESL.Communication Strategies for Diverse Learners; ESL.Defining Culture | Covered | 33 | 3 | 16 | 1 | Covered by 3 topics (33 questions, 3 materials, 16 cards, 1 videos). |
| B. Understands the ways cultural variables affect second-language acquisition and teaching | P.Types of Centered Approaches; P.Adaptations for Diversity - Cultural Differences | Covered | 38 | 2 | 6 | 1 | Covered by 2 topics (38 questions, 2 materials, 6 cards, 1 videos). |
| C. Understands the ways students’ identities and learning styles will vary widely across and within cultures | ESL.Learning Styles; ESL.Communication Strategies for Diverse Learners; P.Teaching Diverse Students | Covered | 56 | 3 | 17 | 1 | Covered by 3 topics (56 questions, 3 materials, 17 cards, 1 videos). |
| D. Understands the implications of cultural stereotyping, cultural bias, and cultural bullying in the school setting | ESL.Avoiding Cultural Bias | Covered | 7 | 1 | 5 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (7 questions, 1 materials, 5 cards, 0 videos). |
| E. Knows that cultural experiences influence student language development, disposition, and learning | ESL.Cultural Contact | Covered | 12 | 1 | 6 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (12 questions, 1 materials, 6 cards, 0 videos). |
| F. Understands that the teacher’s personal and cultural experiences influence teaching style | ESL.Multicultural Classroom; P.Effect of Teacher Attitudes on Students | Covered | 27 | 2 | 5 | 1 | Covered by 2 topics (27 questions, 2 materials, 5 cards, 1 videos). |
| G. Understands the difference between acculturation and assimilation | ESL.Cultural Contact; Acculturation and Assimilation | Covered | 19 | 2 | 6 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (19 questions, 2 materials, 6 cards, 0 videos). |
| Official Competency | Matching 240 Topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Knows the possible differences between disabilities and typical language proficiency development | ESL.Adaptations for Diversity - ELL and Special Programs | Partially covered | 5 | 1 | 2 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (5 questions, 1 materials, 2 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
| B. Knows how to value and incorporate diverse cultures of students into instruction | P.Teaching Diverse Students | Covered | 42 | 1 | 6 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (42 questions, 1 materials, 6 cards, 0 videos). |
| C. Understands the legal provisions and ethical implications of laws and federal court decisions related to the education of ELs | ESL.History of ESL Programs - Court Cases | Covered | 12 | 1 | 3 | 1 | Covered by 1 topic (12 questions, 1 materials, 3 cards, 1 videos). |
| D. Understands the need to serve as a professional resource and advocate for ELs and families | ESL.ESL Teacher Roles at Campus | Partially covered | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (4 questions, 1 materials, 2 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
| E. Understands the need to communicate with school personnel about the characteristics and emotional, social, and physical needs of ELs | P.Collaborating with Colleagues | Covered | 41 | 1 | 16 | 1 | Covered by 1 topic (41 questions, 1 materials, 16 cards, 1 videos). |
| F. Knows how to identify appropriate strategies for planning and collaborating with ELs, their families, and school and community members | ESL.Family and Community Involvement; P.Communicating with Families | Covered | 75 | 2 | 2 | 1 | Covered by 2 topics (75 questions, 2 materials, 2 cards, 1 videos). |
| G. Understands ways to collaborate with other school personnel regarding the academic needs of ELs | ESL.ESL Teacher Roles at Campus | Partially covered | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (4 questions, 1 materials, 2 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
| H. Is familiar with ways that ELs and their families may benefit from a variety of outside resources (e.g., services, networks, organizations) | ESL.Family and Community Involvement | Covered | 27 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (27 questions, 1 materials, 1 cards, 0 videos). |
| I. Knows a variety of strategies for consulting with guardians and communicating with them about each student’s progress and needs | ESL.Family and Community Involvement; ESL.Communicating Assessment Results | Covered | 36 | 2 | 3 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (36 questions, 2 materials, 3 cards, 0 videos). |
| J. Knows the importance of engaging in professional development by continually researching relevant and reliable resources and organizations in the field of teaching ESOL | P.Professional Development | Covered | 34 | 1 | 2 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (34 questions, 1 materials, 2 cards, 0 videos). |
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