Coverage by content domain
Lessons and questions are organized around the exam’s content areas so your preparation reflects the structure of the assessment.
Why Test Alignment Matters for Your NES General Science Study Guide
Certification test standards are broad, but the exam questions are very specific. Our team of curriculum experts uses the 240 Study Guide Creation Process to ensure the most aligned, specific content for your NES General Science (311) test — so you are not wasting time on broad subject review that may not show up on exam day.
Why 240 is the best choice for the NES 311 study guide
- Built around the official exam framework
- Organized by the competencies actually used on the exam
- Shows exactly what is covered and where depth is partial
- Includes aligned questions, flashcards, study materials, and videos
- Helps candidates study what is actually tested instead of broad generic content
Transparent coverage is a strength. We show where the guide is strong, where depth is partial, and where a gap has been identified so you can make an informed study decision.
How to Read This Alignment Review
4Domains
96Competencies reviewed
93%Test-aligned
84Covered
11Partially covered
1Gaps
- CoveredCompetency is comprehensively supported by the guide.
- Partially coveredCore content is covered, but some depth gaps remain.
- Coverage gap identifiedA content gap has been identified.
This study guide is based on the current official exam framework. We review and update alignment whenever the official framework changes so candidates are always studying current, accurate material.
Nature of Science (Domain I)Partially covered
SMR I.0001 · Understand principles and procedures of scientific inquiry.208 questions · 18 materials · 91 cards · 5 videosCovered
| Official competency | Matching 240 topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Demonstrate knowledge of the principles and procedures for designing and carrying out scientific investigations. | S.Scientific Method; S.Experimental Investigations | Covered | 48 | 2 | 12 | 2 | Covered by 2 topics (48 questions, 2 materials, 12 cards, 2 videos). |
| B. Recognize methods and criteria for collecting, organizing, analyzing, and presenting scientific data. | M.Measurement Principles; S.Precision vs Accuracy; S.Error In Measurements; S.Proper Data Analysis; S.Trend Analysis of Scatterplots | Covered | 41 | 5 | 23 | 0 | Covered by 5 topics (41 questions, 5 materials, 23 cards, 0 videos). |
| C. Recognize the evidential basis of scientific claims. | S.Repeatability | Covered | 13 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (13 questions, 1 materials, 1 cards, 0 videos). |
| D. Demonstrate knowledge of safety procedures and hazards associated with scientific investigations. | S.Safety Rules; S.Emergency Procedures; S.Safety Icons | Covered | 37 | 3 | 2 | 1 | Covered by 3 topics (37 questions, 3 materials, 2 cards, 1 videos). |
| E. Demonstrate knowledge of the materials, equipment, and technology used in the sciences. | S.Proper Tool Use; S.Various Tools; S.Choose Appropriate Equipment - Advanced | Covered | 19 | 3 | 50 | 0 | Covered by 3 topics (19 questions, 3 materials, 50 cards, 0 videos). |
| F. Apply basic mathematical procedures in analyzing and representing data and solving problems in the sciences. | S.Measures of Center and Range; M.Converting Units - Proportional Reasoning; S.Significant Figures; S.Converting Units - Dimensional Analysis | Covered | 50 | 4 | 5 | 2 | Covered by 4 topics (50 questions, 4 materials, 5 cards, 2 videos). |
SMR I.0002 · Understand the history and nature of science.112 questions · 11 materials · 129 cards · 0 videosPartially covered
| Official competency | Matching 240 topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Demonstrate knowledge of the historical development of major scientific ideas, including contributions by men and women of diverse backgrounds. | S.Key History of Science; S.Key History of Space Science; S.Diversity in Science History | Covered | 32 | 3 | 109 | 0 | Covered by 3 topics (32 questions, 3 materials, 109 cards, 0 videos). |
| B. Demonstrate knowledge of current major theories, models, and concepts in physical science, life science, and Earth and space science. | S.Famous Experiments | Partially covered | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (5 questions, 1 materials, 0 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
| C. Identify unifying themes, principles, and relationships that connect the different branches of the sciences. | S.Properties of Systems; S.Change In Systems; S.Form and Function; S.Change, Constancy, and Measurements; S.Evidence, Models, and Explanation; S.Limits of Science | Covered | 65 | 6 | 16 | 0 | Covered by 6 topics (65 questions, 6 materials, 16 cards, 0 videos). |
| D. Demonstrate knowledge of the nature of science as a system of inquiry. | S.Evidence, Models, and Explanation; S.Nature of Science | Covered | 22 | 2 | 6 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (22 questions, 2 materials, 6 cards, 0 videos). |
SMR I.0003 · Understand the relationships between science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and society.29 questions · 4 materials · 2 cards · 0 videosPartially covered
| Official competency | Matching 240 topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Analyze the interrelationships between science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and society. | S.Careers in Science; S.Ethics; S.Decision Making | Covered | 29 | 3 | 1 | 0 | Covered by 3 topics (29 questions, 3 materials, 1 cards, 0 videos). |
| B. Demonstrate scientific literacy in evaluating scientific research and the coverage of science in the media. | S.Ethics and Publishing | Partially covered | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (0 questions, 1 materials, 1 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
| C. Analyze social, economic, and ethical issues associated with technological and scientific developments. | S.Ethics; S.Decision Making | Covered | 20 | 2 | 1 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (20 questions, 2 materials, 1 cards, 0 videos). |
Physical Science (Domain II)Partially covered
SMR II.0004 · Understand the properties and characteristics of matter.212 questions · 23 materials · 140 cards · 4 videosCovered
| Official competency | Matching 240 topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Analyze various historical and contemporary models of atomic structure and the supporting evidence for these models. | S.Atomic Models | Covered | 6 | 1 | 5 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (6 questions, 1 materials, 5 cards, 0 videos). |
| B. Demonstrate knowledge of the quantum theory of matter and energy (e.g., atomic structure, chemical bonding). | S.Quantum Applications; S.Parts of an Atom | Covered | 13 | 2 | 10 | 1 | Covered by 2 topics (13 questions, 2 materials, 10 cards, 1 videos). |
| C. Analyze the characteristics of elements, compounds, and mixtures, including colloids, suspensions, and solutions. | S.Elements and Compounds; S.Mixtures and Solutions; S.Colloids and Suspensions; S.Types of Solutions; S.Molarity | Covered | 41 | 5 | 19 | 1 | Covered by 5 topics (41 questions, 5 materials, 19 cards, 1 videos). |
| D. Analyze the colligative properties of solutions (e.g., freezing point, boiling point, osmotic pressure, vapor pressure). | S.Colligative Properties of Solutions | Covered | 5 | 1 | 12 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (5 questions, 1 materials, 12 cards, 0 videos). |
| E. Demonstrate knowledge of the organization of the periodic table and its usefulness in predicting the physical and chemical properties and relative reactivity of given elements. | S.Periodic Table; S.Periodic Table and Physical Properties; S.Periodic Table and Chemical Properties | Covered | 39 | 3 | 24 | 0 | Covered by 3 topics (39 questions, 3 materials, 24 cards, 0 videos). |
| F. Apply methods used to determine the chemical and physical properties of unknown substances. | S.Physical Properties; S.Molecular Structure of Materials Affecting Physical Properties; S.Chemical Properties; S.Applications of Physical and Chemical Properties | Covered | 33 | 4 | 58 | 0 | Covered by 4 topics (33 questions, 4 materials, 58 cards, 0 videos). |
| G. Demonstrate knowledge of the basic principles of the kinetic molecular theory and the distinguishing characteristics of the four states of matter. | S.States of Matter; S.Plasma; S.Phase Changes; S.Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter | Covered | 42 | 4 | 14 | 2 | Covered by 4 topics (42 questions, 4 materials, 14 cards, 2 videos). |
| H. Demonstrate knowledge of the behavior of ideal gases, including the relationships between pressure, temperature, and volume. | S.Gas Laws | Covered | 14 | 1 | 4 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (14 questions, 1 materials, 4 cards, 0 videos). |
| I. Demonstrate knowledge of the characteristics of radioactive materials. | S.Radioactivity; S.Applications of Radioactivity | Covered | 19 | 2 | 8 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (19 questions, 2 materials, 8 cards, 0 videos). |
SMR II.0005 · Understand chemical bonding, different types of chemical reactions, and stoichiometry.163 questions · 18 materials · 48 cards · 0 videosPartially covered
| Official competency | Matching 240 topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Demonstrate knowledge of chemical formulas and the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) rules of nomenclature. | S.Chemical Formulas; S.Advanced Chemical Formulas; S.Naming Basic Chemicals; S.Nomenclature | Covered | 39 | 4 | 8 | 0 | Covered by 4 topics (39 questions, 4 materials, 8 cards, 0 videos). |
| B. Analyze different types of chemical bonds and intermolecular forces and their effect on the properties of matter. | S.Types of Bonds; S.Single, Double, Triple Bonds; S.Hydrogen Bonds | Covered | 32 | 3 | 12 | 0 | Covered by 3 topics (32 questions, 3 materials, 12 cards, 0 videos). |
| C. Apply knowledge of stoichiometry and the mole concept in balancing chemical equations and solving problems involving the mass relationships of reactants and products. | S.Stoichiometry; S.Stoichiometry - Limiting Reagents and Reaction Yield; S.Stoichiometry of Gasses | Covered | 25 | 3 | 5 | 0 | Covered by 3 topics (25 questions, 3 materials, 5 cards, 0 videos). |
| D. Analyze chemical reactions, including acid-base reactions and oxidation-reduction reactions, in terms of the properties of reactants and products. | S.Types of Reactions; S.Chemical Equations; S.Oxidation Number Examples; S.Balancing Chemical Reactions; S.Redox Reactions | Covered | 49 | 5 | 15 | 0 | Covered by 5 topics (49 questions, 5 materials, 15 cards, 0 videos). |
| E. Demonstrate knowledge of factors that affect reaction rates, including the introduction of catalysts and changes in concentration or temperature. | S.Reaction Rates | Partially covered | 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (5 questions, 1 materials, 1 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
| F. Demonstrate knowledge of the concept of chemical equilibrium, the factors that influence chemical equilibrium, and Le Châtelier's principle. | S.Equilibrium; S.Equilibrium and Gasses | Covered | 13 | 2 | 7 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (13 questions, 2 materials, 7 cards, 0 videos). |
SMR II.0006 · Understand the characteristics of energy transformations in physical and chemical systems.45 questions · 7 materials · 28 cards · 0 videosCovered
| Official competency | Matching 240 topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Analyze phase changes, phase diagrams, and heating and cooling curves. | S.Phase Diagrams | Covered | 6 | 1 | 7 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (6 questions, 1 materials, 7 cards, 0 videos). |
| B. Analyze factors that affect the solubility of a substance and the rate at which substances dissolve. | S.Solubility; S.Solubility for Gases; S.Ionic Dissolution | Covered | 19 | 2 | 13 | 0 | Covered by 3 topics (19 questions, 2 materials, 13 cards, 0 videos). |
| C. Demonstrate knowledge of the laws of thermodynamics and the principles of calorimetry, including solving basic calorimetry problems. | S.Spontaneity; S.Calculations with Specific Heat | Covered | 16 | 2 | 9 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (16 questions, 2 materials, 9 cards, 0 videos). |
| D. Analyze energy changes involved in phase transitions, dissolving solutes in solvents, and diluting solutions. | S.Energy Changes - Dissolutions; S.Energy Changes - Dilutions; S.Phase Diagrams | Covered | 10 | 3 | 10 | 0 | Covered by 3 topics (10 questions, 3 materials, 10 cards, 0 videos). |
SMR II.0007 · Understand force, motion, and energy.178 questions · 15 materials · 63 cards · 5 videosPartially covered
| Official competency | Matching 240 topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Demonstrate knowledge of Newton's three laws of motion in a variety of situations and the limitations of Newton's laws at high speeds. | S.Force and Newton's Laws; S.Newton's First Law; S.Newton's Second Law; S.Newton's Third Law | Covered | 43 | 4 | 13 | 1 | Covered by 4 topics (43 questions, 4 materials, 13 cards, 1 videos). |
| B. Analyze motion in terms of concepts of displacement, velocity, and acceleration. | S.Motion Terms; S.Motion Graphs | Covered | 38 | 2 | 11 | 2 | Covered by 2 topics (38 questions, 2 materials, 11 cards, 2 videos). |
| C. Analyze free body diagrams and vector properties to solve problems involving multiple forces in one and two dimensions. | S.Force Vectors and Diagrams - Solving | Partially covered | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (7 questions, 1 materials, 0 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
| D. Demonstrate knowledge of Newton's law of gravitation and its applications. | S.Gravity; S.Gravity Advanced; S.Gravity Applied | Covered | 27 | 3 | 6 | 0 | Covered by 3 topics (27 questions, 3 materials, 6 cards, 0 videos). |
| E. Analyze the types and uses of simple machines and their principles of operation. | S.Mechanical Advantage; S.Simple Machines - Advanced | Covered | 9 | 2 | 22 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (9 questions, 2 materials, 22 cards, 0 videos). |
| F. Demonstrate knowledge of work, the conservation of energy, and different forms of energy (e.g., potential, kinetic, thermal). | S.Types of Energy; S.Conservation of Energy Calculations; S.Work-energy Theorem | Covered | 37 | 2 | 9 | 1 | Covered by 3 topics (37 questions, 2 materials, 9 cards, 1 videos). |
| G. Analyze the transfer of energy through convection, conduction, and radiation. | S.Conduction, Convection, and Radiation | Covered | 17 | 1 | 4 | 1 | Covered by 1 topic (17 questions, 1 materials, 4 cards, 1 videos). |
SMR II.0008 · Understand the characteristics and properties of mechanical and electromagnetic waves.121 questions · 12 materials · 64 cards · 0 videosCovered
| Official competency | Matching 240 topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Analyze the properties of waves (e.g., speed, frequency, wavelength). | S.Properties of Waves | Covered | 18 | 1 | 13 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (18 questions, 1 materials, 13 cards, 0 videos). |
| B. Analyze the properties and propagation of sound waves. | S.Sound | Covered | 32 | 1 | 9 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (32 questions, 1 materials, 9 cards, 0 videos). |
| C. Analyze the wave characteristics of the electromagnetic spectrum. | S.Electromagnetic Spectrum | Covered | 9 | 1 | 2 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (9 questions, 1 materials, 2 cards, 0 videos). |
| D. Analyze the effects of mirrors, lenses, and prisms on the behavior of light. | S.Mirrors; S.Lenses; S.Prisms | Covered | 15 | 3 | 14 | 0 | Covered by 3 topics (15 questions, 3 materials, 14 cards, 0 videos). |
| E. Demonstrate knowledge of refraction, reflection, and polarization of electromagnetic waves. | S.Reflection and Refraction; S.Refraction Indexes; S.Interference, scattering, and polarization | Covered | 25 | 3 | 17 | 0 | Covered by 3 topics (25 questions, 3 materials, 17 cards, 0 videos). |
| F. Demonstrate knowledge of the Doppler effect. | S.Doppler Effect | Covered | 11 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (11 questions, 1 materials, 1 cards, 0 videos). |
| G. Demonstrate knowledge of the dual nature of light and matter. | S.Dual Nature of Light; S.Light Spectra | Covered | 11 | 2 | 12 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (11 questions, 2 materials, 12 cards, 0 videos). |
SMR II.0009 · Understand electricity and magnetism.84 questions · 12 materials · 38 cards · 0 videosPartially covered
| Official competency | Matching 240 topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Analyze characteristics of electric charge, electric force, static electricity, electric current, and potential difference. | S.Electrical Charges; S.Electrostatic Examples | Partially covered | 6 | 2 | 3 | 0 | Partial coverage by 2 topics (6 questions, 2 materials, 3 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
| B. Analyze the operation of series and parallel circuits and the relationship between electric current, voltage, and resistance described by Ohm's law. | S.Circuits; S.Series and Parallel; S.Currents - DC vs AC; S.Ohms law | Covered | 38 | 4 | 15 | 0 | Covered by 4 topics (38 questions, 4 materials, 15 cards, 0 videos). |
| C. Demonstrate knowledge of the characteristics of permanent magnets and magnetic fields. | S.Magnetism Types; S.Magnetic Forces and Fields | Covered | 16 | 2 | 8 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (16 questions, 2 materials, 8 cards, 0 videos). |
| D. Demonstrate knowledge of electromagnets and principles and applications of electromagnetism (e.g., transformers, inductors, motors, generators). | S.Types of Voltage Sources; S.Electromagnetic Induction; S.Transformers; S.Electromagnets | Covered | 24 | 4 | 14 | 0 | Covered by 4 topics (24 questions, 4 materials, 14 cards, 0 videos). |
Life Science (Domain III)Partially covered
SMR III.0010 · Understand the characteristics, organization, and processes of cells.143 questions · 14 materials · 91 cards · 5 videosPartially covered
| Official competency | Matching 240 topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Demonstrate knowledge of cell theory and its implications. | S.Cell Theory | Partially covered | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (4 questions, 1 materials, 2 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
| B. Analyze the structure and function of organelles in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. | S.Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic; S.Parts of the Cell; S.Types of Cells | Covered | 47 | 3 | 26 | 2 | Covered by 3 topics (47 questions, 3 materials, 26 cards, 2 videos). |
| C. Demonstrate knowledge of the processes of respiration and photosynthesis at the cellular and molecular levels and the relationship between them. | S.Respiration; S.Photosynthesis | Covered | 19 | 2 | 15 | 1 | Covered by 2 topics (19 questions, 2 materials, 15 cards, 1 videos). |
| D. Recognize how the structure of specialized cells relates to their different functions. | S.Types of Cells - Muscle and Epithelial | Partially covered | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (4 questions, 1 materials, 3 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
| E. Demonstrate knowledge of mitosis, meiosis, and the cell cycle. | S.The Cell Cycle; S.Mitosis; S.Meiosis | Covered | 30 | 3 | 30 | 0 | Covered by 3 topics (30 questions, 3 materials, 30 cards, 0 videos). |
| F. Demonstrate knowledge of active and passive transport across cell membranes. | S.Membrane Transport - Advanced | Covered | 12 | 1 | 13 | 1 | Covered by 1 topic (12 questions, 1 materials, 13 cards, 1 videos). |
| G. Recognize the structure and function of different biomolecules (e.g., lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids). | S.Macromolecules; S.Macromolecules - Form and Function | Covered | 21 | 2 | 7 | 1 | Covered by 2 topics (21 questions, 2 materials, 7 cards, 1 videos). |
| H. Demonstrate knowledge of the role of enzymes as catalysts in cellular reactions and factors that affect enzyme function. | S.Enzymes | Partially covered | 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (6 questions, 1 materials, 1 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
SMR III.0011 · Understand the classification and characteristics of organisms.227 questions · 20 materials · 111 cards · 4 videosCovered
| Official competency | Matching 240 topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Demonstrate knowledge of the diversity of life and the taxonomic relationships among living organisms. | S.Major Groups of Eukaryotic Life; S.Major Groups of Bacterial Life | Covered | 40 | 2 | 27 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (40 questions, 2 materials, 27 cards, 0 videos). |
| B. Recognize characteristics of the reproduction, development, and life cycles of representative organisms. | S.Plant Reproduction; S.Reproduction and Development; S.Growth and Development; S.Metamorphosis | Covered | 39 | 4 | 23 | 1 | Covered by 4 topics (39 questions, 4 materials, 23 cards, 1 videos). |
| C. Demonstrate knowledge of the functions of specialized structures and systems in protists, plants, animals, and fungi. | S.Major Groups of Eukaryotic Life; S.Plant Systems Basics; S.Plant Systems - Cross Sections; S.Plant Transportation | Covered | 66 | 4 | 35 | 2 | Covered by 4 topics (66 questions, 4 materials, 35 cards, 2 videos). |
| D. Demonstrate knowledge of the structures and functions of human body systems. | S.Human Body Systems | Covered | 25 | 1 | 11 | 1 | Covered by 1 topic (25 questions, 1 materials, 11 cards, 1 videos). |
| E. Analyze how organisms obtain, use, and store matter and energy. | S.Metabolism Molecules; S.Internal Transport; S.Exchange; S.Digestion and Excretory; S.Nutrition | Covered | 26 | 5 | 27 | 0 | Covered by 5 topics (26 questions, 5 materials, 27 cards, 0 videos). |
| F. Analyze how organisms maintain homeostasis and fight diseases. | S.Immune Systems; S.Homeostasis; S.Structures and Processes of Homeostasis; S.Structures and Processes of Homeostasis - Advanced | Covered | 51 | 4 | 6 | 0 | Covered by 4 topics (51 questions, 4 materials, 6 cards, 0 videos). |
| G. Demonstrate knowledge of viruses and prions. | S.Infectious Agents | Covered | 12 | 1 | 6 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (12 questions, 1 materials, 6 cards, 0 videos). |
SMR III.0012 · Understand concepts and principles related to genetics and evolution.101 questions · 11 materials · 41 cards · 3 videosPartially covered
| Official competency | Matching 240 topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Apply the basic principles of heredity, Mendelian genetics, and the use of Punnett squares and the laws of probability. | S.Dominant vs Recessive; S.Punnett Squares | Covered | 32 | 2 | 9 | 2 | Covered by 2 topics (32 questions, 2 materials, 9 cards, 2 videos). |
| B. Demonstrate knowledge of the nature of the genetic code and the basic processes of DNA replication and protein synthesis. | S.DNA Replication; S.Transcription; S.Translation; S.Universal Genetic Code | Covered | 28 | 4 | 19 | 0 | Covered by 4 topics (28 questions, 4 materials, 19 cards, 0 videos). |
| C. Recognize the methods and applications of genetic engineering. | S.Genetic Research; S.Genetic Research - Agriculture | Covered | 9 | 2 | 3 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (9 questions, 2 materials, 3 cards, 0 videos). |
| D. Analyze the principles and evidence of biological evolution to explain how species change over time. | S.Populations Change (Not Individuals); S.Natural Selection | Covered | 28 | 2 | 7 | 1 | Covered by 2 topics (28 questions, 2 materials, 7 cards, 1 videos). |
| E. Demonstrate knowledge of major events in the history of life, mass extinctions, and the evolution of organisms, including humans. | S.Earth's History - Evolutionary History | Partially covered | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (4 questions, 1 materials, 3 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
SMR III.0013 · Understand characteristics of different biomes, relationships among organisms, and the flow of matter and energy through ecosystems.108 questions · 12 materials · 44 cards · 4 videosPartially covered
| Official competency | Matching 240 topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Demonstrate knowledge of the characteristics of terrestrial and aquatic biomes, including representative species of plants and animals that inhabit them. | S.Major Biomes; S.Major Biomes - Plant Adaptations; S.Major Biomes - Animal Adaptations | Covered | 16 | 3 | 8 | 0 | Covered by 3 topics (16 questions, 3 materials, 8 cards, 0 videos). |
| B. Recognize strategies used by different organisms to obtain the basic needs for life. | S.Habitats and Niches | Partially covered | 7 | 1 | 3 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (7 questions, 1 materials, 3 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
| C. Analyze the relationships between producers, consumers, and decomposers in a variety of ecosystems. | S.Roles In Food Chain; S.Food Webs | Covered | 41 | 2 | 15 | 2 | Covered by 2 topics (41 questions, 2 materials, 15 cards, 2 videos). |
| D. Analyze the biotic and abiotic factors that affect population dynamics in ecosystems, including competition, resource availability, and habitat requirements. | S.Competition; S.Growth Factors; S.Growth Factors - Advanced | Covered | 28 | 3 | 17 | 2 | Covered by 3 topics (28 questions, 3 materials, 17 cards, 2 videos). |
| E. Analyze the cycling of matter and the flow of energy through different types of ecosystems. | None | Coverage gap identified | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | No matching topic found in the study guide. |
| F. Recognize the ways both human activities and climate change affect ecosystems. | S.Environment as a Pressure; S.Effect of Biodiversity Changes; S.Human Impact on Ecosystems | Covered | 16 | 3 | 3 | 0 | Covered by 3 topics (16 questions, 3 materials, 3 cards, 0 videos). |
Earth and Space Science (Domain IV)Partially covered
SMR IV.0014 · Understand physical geology and the history of Earth.208 questions · 13 materials · 119 cards · 3 videosCovered
| Official competency | Matching 240 topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Demonstrate knowledge of Earth's formation, history, and structure, as well as the supporting geologic evidence. | S.Earth's History; S.Earth's History - Key Events; S.Earth's History - Physical Changes | Covered | 22 | 3 | 28 | 0 | Covered by 3 topics (22 questions, 3 materials, 28 cards, 0 videos). |
| B. Analyze tectonic processes, the mechanisms driving plate movements, and the landforms and geologic phenomena produced by movement at plate boundaries. | S.Constructive and Destructive Processes; S.Volcanoes; S.Earthquakes; S.Tectonic Plate Theory; S.Tectonics and Earthquake Patterns | Covered | 87 | 5 | 53 | 1 | Covered by 5 topics (87 questions, 5 materials, 53 cards, 1 videos). |
| C. Demonstrate knowledge of the processes involved in the rock cycle and of the characteristics of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. | S.Properties of Rocks and Minerals; S.Rock Cycle | Covered | 50 | 2 | 22 | 1 | Covered by 2 topics (50 questions, 2 materials, 22 cards, 1 videos). |
| D. Analyze the constructive and destructive processes that shape Earth's surface, including weathering, erosion, transportation, and deposition. | S.Weathering and Erosion - Volcanic Islands and Glaciers | Covered | 12 | 1 | 13 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (12 questions, 1 materials, 13 cards, 0 videos). |
| E. Recognize the characteristics and origins of common rocks, minerals, and fossils, as well as mineral, geothermal, and fossil fuel resources. | S.Renewable vs Nonrenewable; S.Properties of Rocks and Minerals; S.Formation of Fossils | Covered | 63 | 3 | 24 | 1 | Covered by 3 topics (63 questions, 3 materials, 24 cards, 1 videos). |
| F. Demonstrate knowledge of the effects of continental glaciations during the Pleistocene epoch and the characteristics of glacial deposits. | S.Weathering and Erosion - Volcanic Islands and Glaciers | Covered | 12 | 1 | 13 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (12 questions, 1 materials, 13 cards, 0 videos). |
SMR IV.0015 · Understand characteristics of the hydrosphere, weather, and climate.172 questions · 17 materials · 134 cards · 2 videosCovered
| Official competency | Matching 240 topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Analyze the physical processes driving the hydrologic cycle (e.g., solar heating, evaporation, condensation). | S.Water Cycle; S.Water Cycle - Physical Processes Driving | Covered | 26 | 2 | 23 | 1 | Covered by 2 topics (26 questions, 2 materials, 23 cards, 1 videos). |
| B. Identify the processes and characteristics of marine and freshwater systems, including oceans, rivers, lakes, glaciers, and groundwater systems. | S.Bodies of Water; S.Ocean Features; S.Ocean Zones; S.Shoreline Features; S.River Features; S.Island Features | Covered | 41 | 6 | 56 | 0 | Covered by 6 topics (41 questions, 6 materials, 56 cards, 0 videos). |
| C. Analyze coastal processes, the formation of barrier islands, and the characteristics of deltas and estuaries. | S.Shoreline Features | Covered | 8 | 1 | 9 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (8 questions, 1 materials, 9 cards, 0 videos). |
| D. Demonstrate knowledge of the structure and characteristics of the different layers of the atmosphere and the atmospheric and geographic factors that produce different types of weather, including hazardous weather events. | S.Composition and Layers of the Atmosphere; S.Effects of Land on Climate; S.Effects of Natural Phenomena on Climate | Covered | 38 | 3 | 18 | 1 | Covered by 3 topics (38 questions, 3 materials, 18 cards, 1 videos). |
| E. Analyze weather conditions, maps, and data to predict and explain weather events. | S.Predicting Severe Weather; S.Weather Charts | Covered | 18 | 2 | 23 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (18 questions, 2 materials, 23 cards, 0 videos). |
| F. Demonstrate knowledge of the geographic factors that control regional climate conditions. | S.Air Masses and Ocean Currents; S.Global Winds; S.Effects of Land on Climate | Covered | 26 | 3 | 15 | 0 | Covered by 3 topics (26 questions, 3 materials, 15 cards, 0 videos). |
| G. Analyze the causes and effects of current and past changes in global climates on ecosystems, the hydrosphere, coastal processes, and agriculture. | S.Human Influences on Climate; S.Global Warming | Covered | 30 | 2 | 6 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (30 questions, 2 materials, 6 cards, 0 videos). |
| H. Recognize the significance of interactions of the ocean and the atmosphere. | S.Air Masses and Ocean Currents | Covered | 15 | 1 | 10 | 0 | Covered by 1 topic (15 questions, 1 materials, 10 cards, 0 videos). |
SMR IV.0016 · Understand characteristics of the solar system and universe.169 questions · 16 materials · 144 cards · 2 videosPartially covered
| Official competency | Matching 240 topics | Alignment | Qs | Mats | Cards | Vids | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Demonstrate knowledge of the formation of the solar system and the characteristics of planets, asteroids, comets, and planetary satellites. | S.Components of the Solar System; S.The Sun; S.Advanced Solar System Components; S.Origin of the Solar System | Covered | 38 | 4 | 62 | 0 | Covered by 4 topics (38 questions, 4 materials, 62 cards, 0 videos). |
| B. Demonstrate knowledge of the apparent motion of objects in the sky and the celestial sphere model. | S.Constellations and Navigation; S.Orbits of the Solar System | Covered | 7 | 2 | 3 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (7 questions, 2 materials, 3 cards, 0 videos). |
| C. Analyze the interactions of the sun, the moon, and Earth and the effects of these interactions on Earth systems. | S.Night/Day and Time Zones; S.Seasons; S.Tides; S.Lunar Cycle; S.Eclipses | Covered | 80 | 5 | 39 | 2 | Covered by 5 topics (80 questions, 5 materials, 39 cards, 2 videos). |
| D. Recognize the characteristics and evolution of stars and galaxies, including theories on the origin and nature of the universe. | S.Properties of Celestial Bodies; S.Star Characteristics; S.Star Life Cycle; S.Advanced Origin of Universe | Covered | 38 | 4 | 50 | 0 | Covered by 4 topics (38 questions, 4 materials, 50 cards, 0 videos). |
| E. Demonstrate knowledge of evidence supporting the current understanding of the solar system and universe and of the technology and methods used to gather that evidence. | S.Advanced Origin of Universe; S.Astronomy Models | Covered | 10 | 2 | 7 | 0 | Covered by 2 topics (10 questions, 2 materials, 7 cards, 0 videos). |
| F. Demonstrate knowledge of the role of gravity in the solar system and the universe. | S.Advanced Origin of Universe | Partially covered | 4 | 1 | 6 | 0 | Partial coverage by 1 topic (4 questions, 1 materials, 6 cards, 0 videos); limited supporting content. |
How 240 Creates The NES General Science (311) Study Guide
Every 240 study guide starts with the official exam framework. From there, we organize lessons, practice, and study tools around the categories the exam uses to measure candidate knowledge.
Review the official exam framework
We begin with the standards, domains, competencies, objectives, or content categories published by the testing authority.
Map the tested categories
We map every major area the exam is designed to cover so the guide reflects the real structure of the test.
Build lessons around tested content
We create study materials to support the official blueprint, not broad filler content.
Cross-check practice against exam expectations
We review practice content against the framework and real exam patterns so preparation stays targeted.
Review and update as standards change
When official frameworks change, we review guides and update alignment as needed.
Reviewed by subject-matter experts and maintained to reflect current standards.
Why 240 Is Better Than Other Generic Study Guides
Not all study guides are built the same way. Here is what separates a test-aligned guide from a generic one — and why it matters when you are preparing for the NES General Science.
Generic prep
- Covers broad subject areas without structure
- No clear connection to the official exam framework
- Practice questions may not reflect the real test format
- May not update when official standards change
- Can be helpful for quick, broad review
240 test-aligned NES 311 prep
- Every lesson maps to an official domain or competency
- Built directly from the official exam framework
- Practice questions aligned to what the exam actually measures
- A clear study path by tested category
- Study smarter and enter test day more prepared
FAQs About the NES General Science Study Guide
The questions teacher candidates ask us most often about the NES General Science study guide.
Is 240 a good study guide for NES General Science?
240 is a strong option because the guide is built around the official exam framework and shows detailed alignment by SMR and competency.
How closely does 240 align to the NES 311 exam?
This guide is 93% aligned based on a competency-by-competency review of the official framework and the study resources included in the guide.
Does 240 cover every competency?
This page shows coverage transparently across covered, partially covered, and identified gaps so candidates can see exactly how the guide maps to the exam.
What does “partially covered” mean?
Partially covered means the guide addresses the core parts of a competency, but some depth or subtopics may still be limited.